Sunday, May 15, 2011

Thirsty Athenry 1934 by Ronan Killeen


Hansberry's Hotel. It is still a pub but the hotel is not in use.




Connaught Tribune  report  9 June 1934

THIRSTY ATHENRY
     _______  

Public House to Every 35 Persons

     _________



At Galway Circuit Court on Tuesday before his lordship, Judge O'Donnell, Mrs Mary Hansberry applied for a hotel licence in respect of her hoter at Galway-road Athenry. Mr. T. J. Connolly, B.L. (instructed by Mr. Hogan and Shields, solisters appeared for the applicant.
   Mr. R. J. Kelly, S.S. who appeared for the State, opposed the application on the grounds that there were already sufficent licensed premises in Athenry. Mr. Connolly said the hotel premises in Athenry. Mr. Connolly said the hotel premises had been extended considerably during the past twenty five years and were now a very respectable hotel equipped with all modern convienences and had adequate accomadation. Its old world appearance made it attractive to visitors and an exencsive trade was done. There was a demand by many visitors for drink with their meals and the present application rose from their demand.

Mr. Robert Powell B.E., proved plans of the premises and the applicant gave evidence as to improvements to be carried out to the premises during recent years. Superintendent Murphy, Athenry said the population of Athenry was 1,033 and there were 29 licensed premises in the town -a ratio of one public house to every 35 persons.
   His Lordship: They must be very thirsty people (laughter). The witness added the applicant was a very decent woman who carried on, what was in his opinion, the best business in the town. - His lordship granted the application. [sic]


Friday, May 13, 2011

Athenry Western Sack and Bag Factory by Ronan Killeen (Revised 2018)

On Tuesday 28 May 1935 the Athenry Western Sack & Bag Factory was officially opened by Mr Gerald Boland TD who was Minister for Post and Telegraphs. The road that led to the building was decorated with bunting anda large crowd had come to see him with the Gardaí giving him a guard of honour under Chief Superintendent Clenton, Ballinasloe, and Garda Kelly, Athenry.
 
The Big Launch 
 
On the platform were Mr Weir, MD of the factory, TD’s Stephen Jordan and Sean Broderick; JJ Ruane; Haley B Murtagh and C.Taylor; directors of the company, Dr C Foley; RM Burke; Tohermore, Tuam; R Collins Superintendent of the Agricultural College
Athenry; Rev Mr North Bombfard, M Hession, Mayor F Carr, Newtown; Mr Bowes Daly of Dunsandle, and Dr Tom Powell
.
Mr Weir said he was proud and happy to see the fruits of their labour of the past eighteen months realised in the shape of  hand some factory and he expressed the hope that the undertaking, though small, would help in the promotion and growth of other industries. On behalf of the directors and shareholders of the company he welcomed the Minister. Larry Lardner then read a public address of welcome from the AIDPC (Athenry Industrial Development Promotional Committee).
 
The sugar beet factories had required one million sacks for pulp and another million for sugar, and the Government could induce the companies to give orders for the sacks to the Athenry Western Sack & Bag Factory. Indeed Minister Boland was happy that the
Minister for Industry and Commerce would do all he could to induce the directors of the sugar company to place their orders with the Athenry factory.
 
Political Unity
Both Mr RM Burke and Mr Broderick stated that they were glad to see support given by all political parties joined together and supporting industrial revival. Mr Jordan, said it was through Mr Weir’s technical knowledge, expert advice, and sound judgement
that the factory had been established. They also had to thank the Government for helping them with the loan and the promptitude with which local capital was subscribed.
Mr Ruane was confident that if the people of Athenry stood together, as they did in promoting the factory, and forget politics;they would have everything as a centre of distribution that a small town wants to make a success of any industry.
After the public address the Minister and visitors were then shown inside the factory and saw about forty girls at work at different sewing machines it cutting, make-up and stitching of bags. The factory had a capacity of turning out a million bags each year and there was a genuine
feeling that Athenry was finally getting some much needed and much deserved industry.
 
Sthe Irish Times on 18 October 1952 included a photograph of these women which was included in an article ‘Energy and enthusiasm to one man are helping to revive a forgotten town’. The names of those women, pictured below left, were N Higgins, Peggy Hanley, W Holian (forewoman), Annie Hanley and Kathleen O’Toole.

Above photo sources Connacht Tribune 1st June 1935 and Irish Times 21 July 1962 clipping courtesy of the South East Galway Archaeological and Historical Society

Monday, January 17, 2011

Galway Blazers:Fatal Accident in the Hunting Field 1901 by Ronan Killeen

Galway Express  Newspaper 23rd November 1901

On Tuesday the meet of the Galway Blazers was held at Knockbrack, the residence of Capt. H.T. Hall. Having found a fox a run was made across towards Castle Ellen, the residence of Mrs.Lambert. At the back of Castle Ellen House a very sad accident took place, which unfortunetly has resulted fatally. It appears Mr.Ormond, who recently  crossed from England for the hunting season, and was staying with his brother-in- law, Captain Preston at Moor park (Moorepark) was coming at pretty stiff pace, and was about taking a wall at the rear of Castle Ellen House.
   The horse which was a fine well spirited animal came along very well until clost to the wall when it instantly bolted,, with the result that Mr.Ormond was thrown over the horse's head and came with his own head and came with his own head against the wall. The injuries were of most serious nature, and from his first great doubts were entertained of his recovery.
    He was at once taken to Castle Ellen House although in an unconsious condition, and Doctors Quinlan and Mansel were soon in attendance and did everything that medical science could suggest but death took place early wednsday morning. The greatest sympathy is expressed by all in the locality here at the sad berevement of Captain and Mrs Preston of Moorepark. Although not long in the neighbourhood of Athenry they have made themselves very popular by their genial manner. Mr.Ormond was only 22 years of age.

Saturday, January 15, 2011

John J Killeen



Above: John J. Killeen (Date of photo unknown)
This is an ancestor of mine John J. Killeen, who is supposed have been born in Athenry 1841? He emigrated to America and joined the US Navy. In 1873 he became a Chief Boatswain. He died in  Everett, Massachuttes 1907. That's all I know




Thursday, January 6, 2011

The Case Of Stephen Jordan: Hissing the King and his allies 1915 by Ronan Killeen

Picture: Mr. Quinn, Frank Hynes and possibly Stephen Jordan on the right.
Photo from The-Quinns-of-Athenry.



On the 27th November 1915 in the Irish Times a Unionist paper at the time it was reported...

In the King's Bench Division; Dublin before Mr.Justice Gibson and Mr.Justice Kenny, in the case of Stephen Jordan, Shoemaker, of Darla (Davis) street, Athenry, who on prosecution brought against him on summons by District Inspector Collins under the Defence of the Realm (consolidation) Regulations, 1914-1915, fir hissing photograph's of the King and his allied crowned heads, and cheering for the Kaiser and his allied crowned heads at a cinematograph exhibition in the Athenry Town Hall on the 12th of June last.
   He was sentenced to one month's imprisonment, with hard labour, by the magistrates at Athenry Petty Sessions on the 25th June last, and also in the cases of in which Leo Egan, John Cleary and Michael Regan were convicted at the Petty sessions for aiding and abetting Jordan's hissing the photograph's mentioned, and cheering the Kaiser and his crowned heads, and were ordered to give bail for good behaviour in twelve months, or in default to be imprisoned for one month.

Mr. T.F. Ward (instructed by Messrs. John C.Conroy and Son) applied to have the conditional orders granted by Mr.Justice Ross quashing the convictions made absolute on the ground that if the petty sessions court was illegally constituted, in much as one of the magistrates adjudicating of the High Sheriff County Galway, Mr.Frank Shawe-Taylor, of Moor Park, Athenry.*
    The other magistrates were Messrs Kildare, R.M. Samuel Taylor, and W.G. Moriarity. The statute 7 William IV. c.13 prohibited a High Sheriff from exercising the office of the justice of peace for the county of which he was High Sheriff during his term.
   It appeared that the objection was not taken at the Petty Sessions proceedings, as the fact referred to was not known to the defendants’ representatives until afterwards. The conditional orders had been already absolute in the King's Bench office. The court granted the application, making the conditional orders absolute, and quashing the convictions.

I will be talking about Frank Shawe-Taylor when I get to the Irish War of Independence in a couple of months.

Wednesday, January 5, 2011

Athenry Land League Part 2: Peter Broderick in Galway Jail by Ronan Killeen

Above: Peter Broderick's Arrest Warrant 1881



An article that was written in the Galway City Tribune by John Flately on 3rd January 1997.




"The Protestant church is tolling a very sweet peal, the Catholic churches also, all seeming to mock us in out lonely cages" - Peter Broderick





In 1881 November 9th, the gates of the Galway Jail were thrown open and Peter P. Broderick of Athenry was hurried inside as prisoner, a political suspect, suspected as principal of inciting to boycotting under the Act previously passed that year 'FOR BETTER PROTECTION OF PERSON AND PROPERTY IN IRELAND'.

Broderick was a shopkeeper and farmer. He was hurried in the Governor’s Office where the Warden showed the warrant to the Governor back to the Constable and from the Constable to the Chief Warden. In the office the charge was read, entered in a 'huge book’ and a receipt of Broderick's delivery signed and given to the constable.



In the office with two chief wardens, distinguished by the gold braid on their caps and the glittering crown on their coat collars-as well as a clerk, registered Peter Broderick's name, age, complexion, colour of hair, eyes, appearance and all the 'hue and cry' evidences. His height was measured at five feet eight inches. He handed over his possessions, two one pound notes and a penknife.

Chief Warden Number One searched for other possessions but found nothing else. Then followed the last act in the day’s drama, Peter being marched from the office to his cell, a trip that took him through the whole house. His first impressions were "The repeated banging of doors, clinking of keys and martial tread of office bearers". The gas was burning in his cell the bed prepared and he was locked in.

He looked around and measured the cell, sixteen feet long by five-and-a-half feet wide, the bed was placed on a kind of camp stool or folding bedstead. It comprised a straw mattress, two sheets marked in large letters 'Galway Gaol', two blankets and a quilt-all except the fibre mattress were prison property.



Peter Broderick got a warm reception form the other prisoners. Their comments were consoling: “You here too. Good God, isn’t this too bad”, “Bad luck to them that sent you here”. O’Beirne of Ballinamore (possibly another prisoner) went and found ‘something to cheer Peter up’ and Peter was in better fettle.A few minutes before eight o’clock the warden commanded “All in”, and in they filed back to the cells.

Prisoners on two occasions during Peter sojourn there brought up with the authorities the need to sheet the sides of a shed in the yard. After a few days of the arrival at Galway Jail Broderick received from home a consignment of personal items indicating social expectations of the time.

• Two pairs of cuffs,

• Six Collars

• Four Collar studs

• One Razor

• Strap

• Tooth Brush

• Soap

• One handkerchief

• Holy Water

• Beads

• One pillow

• Two pillow cases

• Blankets

• Sheets

• Counterpane quilt and a table cover



He made an inventory of this a week later. Isolation from the world outside, from the everyday bustle of life in Galway was almost total. An old factory whistle and the Angelus Bell ringing at 6 a.m. awakened the prisoners. Church bells pealing in early and mid-morning gave Peter the disting impression there was rivalry between the churches in the town.

"The Protestant church is tolling a very sweet peal, the Catholic churches also, all seeming to mock us in out lonely cages" . On Sunday 22nd January 1882, Peter heard the Galway Band in the distance today, but no attempt was made to approach our quarters, as it would probably be an infringement on the loyalty of the serfs.



One the 6th of December 1882 the Warden visited Peter at breakfast wanting to know what he would have for breakfast. the following day. The choice was limited to stir about and coffee, for one week. At supper the Warden asked about his preference for the coming week, tea or cocoa. In both cases he opted for the first alternative.

The following morning Peter returned from exercise (in the dark) to find 'a bright culinary utensil of gigantic proportions was laid on the table. The weapon for onslaught on the stirabout-a big iron spoon-a pan filled almost to the top with stirabout and a saucepan of milk was the inviting repast for a cold morning.

'As I attacked my skilly. I really began to feel a foretaste of prison life. The stirabout was pretty fair but abounded with salt'.

He didn't like it and turned to the cocoa with a bit of bread and butter (got in on the previous day). He observed in the refuse collected that "almost as such made its way back to the cookhouse as came from it."

For dinner that day there were 'two big pieces of coarse bread and wretchedly strong and a pint of coffee. was in his opinion 'equally as good in every was as that supplied from outside'. He was hopeful

: "All in all the fare (Prison fare) was not so bad as an outside world believes it to be. I expect (D.V.)* to be able to rough it.



By mid-December Peter was arranging for breakfast to be served from outside. Others did the same. The outside supplier was Mrs.Mason. Visitors came virtually daily and the prisoner had the choice of seeing them or not. They were welcome in nearly all instances, through Peter refused to see a certain gentleman for quite a while.

On February 7th 1882, he was visited by two men and 'felt very indifferent towards their attention'. On February 13th a woman from kilconnell visited giving Peter 'the usual santimonious consolation'. On Monday, February 20 he read in the Galway Observer that he was "Careworn and thin from confinement". The following Sunday, February 27th at Mass in Galway Jail, Fr.Creaven the celebrant 'commented strongly on the necessity of fasting'. (Sic)



Peter Broderick wasn't the only man put in jail at the time.



Martin Connelly, Athenry, Farmer was in Galway Jai

R.T. Kelly, Athenry, Farmer was in Kilminham Jail



Athenry Land League Part 3: Also coming soon.

Monday, December 27, 2010

Athenry: Samuel Lewis and the Corporation Book Of Athenry by Ronan Killeen

First some of you  may ask "Who was Samuel Lewis?".  It is unSamuel Lewis was a topographer which comes from the word topography. Topography is were the configuration of a surface and the relations of man-made and natural features are recorded by someone. The reader will probably get a better understanding by reading the next piece of the article...

Here is what Samuel Lewis wrote about Athenry in 1837;

I have to explain two words first

Portreeve - A portreeve, or 'port warden' is a historical British political appointment with a fluctuating role which evolved over time.

Burgess - Burgess is a word in English that originally meant a freeman of a borough (England) or burgh (Scotland). It later came to mean an elected or un-elected official of a municipality, or the representative of a borough in the English House of Commons.

"The Portreeve, Brugesses, and Freemen of the corporation," and consisted of a "a portreeve and an unlimited number of burgesses and freemen; the above [Elizabeth's I] grant empowers  them to appoint a common clerk and "all other nessary tenants as Trim used", but only inferior officers are a serjeant-at-mace, craner, pound-keeper, two appraisers, and, a bellman, who are appointed by portreeve".
The portreeve and about twenty burgesses were elected  annually while the limits of the borough comprehended the town and a surrounding the agricultural, called the "Liberties".
The town returned two members to the Irish Parliment until Act of Union  came into  effect on 1 January 1801. £15,000 was paid in compensation to the trustees of the marriage settlement of Theophilous Blakeney... (see previous article).

The Corporation Book of Athenry, which one volume of it, was in the possession of Rev P.Delaney parish priest of Carna, in  October 1988. This lists the proceedings of the corporation from 1781 to 1840.

In 1837 Lewis wrote that the portreeve;

...who has the power to appoint a deputy, is a justice of the peace within the borough and its liberties, clerk of the market, and sole judge of the borough court. The town or portreeve's court shield is held for all please, real and personal, to an unlimited amount, as often as business requires, which of late has been but seldom, and generally on a Monday, not in any fixed court-house or place, but in different parts of the town...
The market, with a fair in October, was granted  to Sir W.Parsons, Bart., in 1629, and is on a Friday, but is only indifferently attended; and fairs for sheep and cattle are held onMay 5th, July 2nd, and Oct 20th, of which that in July is the largest. A constabulary police force is stationed here (This is obviously the Royal Irish Constabluary of Athenry) - Samuel Lewis.

This system of agriculture in the parish of Athenry, which comprised of 1,954 statue acres, was then somewhat improved and there was a considerable quantity of unreclaimed bog. The Catholic parish was co-existence with that of the established church and the town cotained a Catholic church, a plain slated building. About 330 children were educated between the parochial school and four private pay schools in Athenry , while another 170, or so, were educated in three schools at Monivea and Newcaste.
In 1831 1,319 people lived in 250 houses in Athenry. By 1986 the town  could boast a population of 1,642,   790 males and 852 females.

Theophilous Blakeney of Abbert by Ronan Killeen

Theophilous Blakeney of Abbert served as a member of parliament for Athenry from 1766-1776 and from 1783-1799. During the intervening period he became M.P. for Carlingford. As a captain in the Royal Sussex Regiment he saw service in Quebec and Staten Island in 1761; in 1772 he was a Surveyor General for Connaught; and in 1773 was appointed High Sheriff .
He married Margaret Stafford of Gillstown, County Roscommon in 1782. Theophilus died in 1813 and was succeeded by his son, John Henry Blakeney. The Blakeney's replaced the Bermingham's as Athenry's premier family when Thomas, Lord Athenry, the first and only Earl of Louth, who died in 1798.





















Something short pre- New year 2011 eh?

Thursday, December 9, 2010

Christmas Special: Athenry Concert in 1901 by Ronan Killeen

Christmas Special...

This month I am quite happy to set a lighter tone to Athenry Local History. Northgate street nowadays is a street of stores and pubs but I bet not everyone from Athenry knew that there was actually a hall on Northgate Street (I certainly didn't!). We will begin...
   On the 10th of January 1902 The Tuam News reported about a concert that took place on December the 26th and 27th 1901. An annual concert for a charitable cause (The article does not state what the charity was for!)


"The very spacious hall at Northgate Street, was suitabily prepared for the occasion, and, as a variety of entertainment aswell as (a?) concert was part of the programme, stage and scenery were to suit were tastefully arranged.
   As benefiting the move in preservation of Mother Tongue, the boys of the Athenry National School rendered as opening item "An Chruit re scar," the Harp, harmonized in our own language an astonished as well as pleased the audience. The precision in pronunciation of our own Gaelic, aswell as the thorough harmony throughout was most gratifying, the audience showed their appreciation by repeated encores.
   "Through the Last Glimpse of Erin" was very sweetly song by Miss.Dolan. That splendid son "Bantry Bay" was done justice by Mr.P. Kelly, and Miss Ryan, whose sweet singing has been heard at local concerts rendered "Killarney" in admirable style. "When shall day break in Erin," that favourite new song was sung by Mr.T.Higgins in splendid style and loudly applauded.


The comic element was well kept up with the "Galway Militia", (local Comic), John F. Kelly and "Crockery Ware" by W.P. Higgins. Both acquitted themselves well . Miss Barbra Leonard, Miss Delia McDonagh and Miss Alice Nolan rendered their songs with taste and after duets with Misses Mahon and Nolan, and Mr and Mrs Graham, the singing with glee by female school children was rendered in the very taking style.
   Variety entertainment was opened by (a?) stump speech by John F.Kelly and indeed Athenry audiences know how inimitable he is in this role. With a blend of local monstrosities he fairly convulsed those present.
  
A feature of the night entertainment very much appreciated was the stepdancing of Messrs. W.P Higgins, T.Monaghan, and P.Keane. The Irish jig was certainly tipped in style of the highest praise.
The entertainment was brought to a close with the laughable farce "The Irish Doctor," in which the leading parts were taken by Messrs.Kelly, Mahon, Lardner and Nolan, must successfully. Altogether the entertainment was most enjoyable. The pinaforte of accompaniments of various songs were tastefully executed by Miss May Kelly, Mrs. Broderick and Miss Dolan.


- Correspondent.


Well Readers that it is it until sometime in January so..............


MERRY CHRISTMAS AND HAPPY NEW YEAR TO ALL,


KIND REGARDS,
                               Mr.Ronan Killeen

Monday, November 1, 2010

Athenry Land League by Ronan Killeen

Below is a preview of my next article for ALH seeing as the  Irish Land League is my
favourite topic there will be a lot added to this article in the future. This is just a preview for the moment....

By 1870 Ireland had assumed an appearance of economic, social and political stability unknown since the famine the eighteenth century. Despite the famine catastrophe, the residual rural population had preserved much of its familiar way of lip while achieving unfamiliar prosperity.
   Destitution was no longer sufficient to exhaust the capacity of the poor law system; emigration continued to ameliorate underemployment by removing surplus population.
   The depletion of the poorest classes and the optimism of those more privileged had weakened social animimosis while Gladstone’s 1870 Land Act had offered the promise of further and more effective state interventions in the troubled relationship between landlord and tenant.
   Ulster Protestants were beginning to relish the Victorian Sensation of Progress, while the growing Catholic middle class and the Catholic Church attained a new respectability in Irish Social and Political life.....

On the 7th of Febraury 1880 in the Galway Vindicator  newspaper, it was reported that  a public meeting was held in Athenry on Sunday for the purpose of establishing a local branch of the National Land League.
   There was a large attendance. A substantial platform was erected in the chapel yard  and the Athenry Brass Band at the beginning and termination of these orderly proceedings discoursed in the practiced style some likely, soul stirring airs.
  Among those present at that meeting were: - Very Rev. Cannon O’Brien, P.P. , Rev P. McPhillip C C, Patrick Egan-Secretary Land League, Richard J. Kelly, Tuam, D. McDonagh, J. McPhyllin, P. Naughton, P.Hennelly, Michael Fahy, T.R. Kelly, P.C. Kelly, A. Keary, P.P. Broderick, M. Nolan, M. Hennelly, P.L.G. , P. Callanan, L. Lardner, J. Shaughnessy, J.Fahy, J. Donohue, M. Culkin, P. Mahon, P. Murphy, T. Coyne, & C & C.

   On the motions of Denis McDonagh, seconded by Mr. Hennelly. The chair was taken loud and continued applause by the Very Rev. P.J. Cannon O’Brien. The very Bev Chairman, in addressing said:
“My respected fellow townsmen, parishioners, and friends, I have to thank you very much indeed for the honourof thus promoting me to the proud position of President of the Athenry Tenant’s Defence Asscoiation, which is to be engrafted on the great Irish Land League.
I accept the enviable post with more than ordinary promptitude and pleasure because I believe the work which that league is resolved to do to be a work which that should enlist the best sympathies, and secure the most strenuous co-operation for every man to feel for, or an intellect to understand or inexpressingly calamitous, distressful, and degraded state into which our ill-starred sountry is flung down by the despotic felonious murderous system of feudal landlordism wherewith we and our fathers for many generations have been cursed and cumbered on our native soil.


Yes! my friends this atrocious Landlordism should force every tongue in Ireland legally to denounce, and every hand in Ireland constitutionally to destroy it utterly and forever from our midst.
   Need we go back to the bloodstained records for the unnumbered evils and humiliations and sufferings which it caused again and again in the olden times to all the Celtic and Catholic classes in this misgoverned land? Most assuredly not.
   No! We have unfortunetly at our very doors, yes, within our very thresholds, in Athenry, at this melancholy moment, bitter, sadly thrilling evidences of the widespread, woeful, wicked, consequences of this adominable system.

The feudal landlordism it emphatically is which as already brought this county of Galway into the ghastly presence of famine and fever, and the many unspeakable miseries that ever follow in their fatal wake – this fendal lanlordism it is that now leaves our labourers, standing idle in the market place, where there is no one to hire them –our artisans straving, our farmers in despair, our small tenants perishing, our shopkeepers despondent, and our merchants pauperized-this  feudal landlordism it is that has drawn the black pencil of poverty across the face of this unhappy province.

This feudal landlordism it is that has prostrated her energies, paralyzed her spirit of enterprise and annihilsted her propriority - this feudal landlordism it is that has shorn her-as Sampson was once shorn of his strength and consigned her to be helplessly kicked and scuffed, and jeered at, and spit upon by every contemptous philistine at his arrongant will - this feudal lanlordism, it is that now day after day, alas, presents before us the sad and sickening spectacle not only of decrepit husbands, and shrivelled wives and famishing widows, and half-naked children; but evcen stalwart men and youthful  maidens coming in their hundereds to our relief depots, and piteously craving for for the miserable beggar's dole-this feudal landlordism it is that has made our country at this moment, as oft she was before a by-word for sorrow, a parable of wretchdness, and a medicant for aims at the dorr of every nation under Heaven!

This, in fine, is the feudal landlordism, of which may be truly said, as was cloquently said of the alien robbers in Peru - that "Wherever it moves in anger desoultion marks its progress, and wherever it pauses in amnity afflictions mourns its friendship".
No wonder, therefore, my friends, that such a ruthless and ruffian system should come at last,  to be repudiated by equity, to be rejected by justice, to be renounced by reason, and to be reprobated by argument.
   Yes! reprobated and undefended by every argument save one, that proveriably notorious argument of tyranny. The savage argument, of bayonets and brute force. Yes, thank God, despite of that barb-rous argument, despite of the death bearing rifles and menancing revolvers.
Now, put forward with such a promising parade, and pomp and glistening bravodo in its behalf; despite of the fact that it is formally propped up. This destestable feudal landlordism is manifestable tottering to its near and inevitable destruction.

For everyone to that hath eyes to see the palpable shadows of the fast and surely coming events, its doom is already written on the wall; it is already written on the wall. It is weighed in the balac es of principle alike and policy, and found wanting - tis cruel couse is already well-nigh run, and its crimeful days are numbered.
   Even as Rome of old fell beneath the load of own long culminating corruption, so shall feudal landlordism in Ireland fall under the overwhelming burden of its long accumlating inquities-like Richard's- the very weight of its own guilt shall crush it.
Well, you will, my friends, naturally ask me, if this is so, what need have we of a Tenant's Defence Association at all?
   The awnser is not far to seek. It is the duty of every honest man to hasten by all legitimate means, the disappareance of such a mischievous and maligant monstrosity (from?) amgonst us. No, I hope to convience you that there is no constitutional means better calculated to effect this blessed purpose. To accomplish this desiderated end, than the action whic is to be taken by the Tenant's Defence Association with which our Athenry Branch commences to be joined today.
        Feudal Landlordism, is as I have said, doomed to die without any very long delay. But trust me, my friend, that like many a noxious evenomed animal, it will "die hard". Knowing even as he, mentioned in the Scriptures knew of himself, that it "hath but a short time," work refreshed, as it were a redoubled  wrath and energy.
   Now nothing that I can concieve of, , will more effectively stay in its hostile hand, and neutrailize, as far as may be, its work of wickedness , than what the Tenants Defence Association, acting strictly with in the lines of legality intends to do. The chief reason why landlordism wrought almost without raising a little finger of effort. or closing a single farthing of money, much lamentable ruin among the tenantry of Ireland hitherto, was, that with a priarie, hunter's skill, it separated and singled out its victim from the heard.
   But aswell as an imbecile infant strive against a giant in the furious falness of his rage, as a poor individual, isolated tenant contend successfully against against this landordism. So, of course, it goes without saying, that the poor isolated tenant  was worsted; that down went his homestead before the levelling crowbar; and that out went himself and his wailing wife and shivering waste.
   Again,and again, and again for countless times was this same cunning plan of inexpensive inhumrnity adopted by landlordism against other haples tenants. More than that: comparatively speaking and as a rule all these dees of desolation were done without, what landlordism so much dreads, any special knowledge or notice on the part of the general public. Now thanks to the defence association, landlordism can never again hope to enjoy either of these, its olden advantages.
   No more can landlordism victimize the tenants as it did in the days of yore. Every tenant who is a member of this Defence Association, and he can become an enroled member for a trifiling-a nearly nominal  sum- will Land League

Monday, October 11, 2010

Halloween Special: The Execution Of Thomas Keely 1902 by Ronan Killeen.

North Gate Street facing from the Hop Inn Bar

A Chapter from my (Hons) thesis Three Cases of Capital Punishment in Galway 1881-1923


‘To suppose the Jury would let the prisoner go would be to establish upon your country a stain which centuries would not remove. What would become of helpless women and children of this county? They would have to shut there doors, uncertain to the projection of there neighbour, and might be found brutally murdered some morning’ – Tuam News 1902 on Thomas Keely’s trial.




On the 18 Novemeber 1901 Mary Clasby North Gate Street, Athenry who a lodging house keeper was murdered by Thomas Keely. Many witness at Keely’s trial new him well and he had been caught out by just knowing to many people in the locality of Athenry.
   Thomas Keely was arraigned before Mr. Justice Kenny, for the wilful murder of the old woman Mary Clasby. The case exited great interest and the court was exited with great interest. Thomas Keely was a deformed man and lame. He listened to the proceedings apparently quite unconcerned.
Mr.James H. Campbell, K.C. Solicitor General; Mr. Fethersto K.C., Mr. Coll, B.L., (instructed by Mr.James W. Blake, appeared for the crown. Mr.Conroy, solicitor, instructed Mr.Durcell, B.L, council for the prisoner, who pleaded not guilty.
    A jury was empanelled to try Keely. There was a god deal of challenging on on both sides. Messrs. Thomas Donnellan (Foreman), Martin Coen, James Killalea, MI. Brady, Pk. Kelly, Owen Lennane, Pk. Fahey, Laurence Kearns and Martin Action.

The solicitor-general in opening the case said the prisoner, who was stated to be a painter, had come to Athenry and took lodgings at the house of the murdered woman, Mary Clasby. The prisoner was seen in Athenry, he had spoken to a cattle dealer named Mr.Murphy, told him he was a painter, that he was hard up and that he had nothing about him but a painters hammer.
   Keely told Murphy that he wanted some money for lodging. Murphy gave him twopence and told him it would be better if he lodged at a house named O’Dea’s but later on Murphy saw Keely leaning over a half-door at Mary Clasby’s house, the woman that had been murdered. When the prisoner saw the witness he drew back and went into Mary’s house.

On the morning of the murder was discovered, a boy from the country, who came to sell turf, was passing by the house of the deceased when he heard a voice calling him. He went over to the house and saw a hand and arm stretched out from the door which, which was partly closed, and a voice from inside the door told him to go for two candles.
   The boy took two pence from the hand and went to purchase the candles and coming up again to the door put them into the hand, which then the hand drew in and closed the door. The boy afterwards heard the prisoner speaking at the police barracks, and he recognised that as the voice of the person who asked him to go for the candles.
  Several townspeople saw Keely both before and on the morning of the murder was discovered, a relation was discovered. A woman named Mary Size, who used to supply milk to the deceased, and was told by the prisoner (Keely) who was sitting beside the fire, that Mary had a sore leg, was laid up and could not been seen til that night.
   Mary Size attempted to then attempt to open the bedroom door, but when she had her hand on the latch the prisoner pulled her away and would not allow her to open the door. After this incident he was scene over the half-door looking up and down the street.
   A girl named Ms.Spelman came into the murder house, calling for Mary Clasby but got no reply what so ever. She looked through the opening in the bedroom door which was ajar, and saw the hand of the murdered woman on the floor. Recognising something dreadful had happened , she went to inform the police, who proceeded to the place, and found the women lying dead on the floor, her skull battered in with a painter’s hammer, covered with blood lying beside her.
  Some days after the prisoner was in Tuam, a considerable sum of money had been found in Keely’s possession along with brooches, rings, rosary beads and other small things, all of which would be identified as having belonged to the murdered woman. Council that concluded said the evidence would bring home to the prisoner the guilt of one of the most cowardly murders ever committed.

The first witness examined was Patrick Murphy, cattle jobber, of Athenry, who gave evidence that the prisoner came to his house about five weeks ago, before the murder and asked for some bread and milk and butter, which Murphy gave the prisoner. Keely told Murphy that he was a a painter, and had nothing with him but a painter’s hammer. Keely also told him that he was born in America and that his mother brought him to castlegrove. Keely said to Murphy that he had only two pence to pay for his lodgings and Murphy kindly gave him three pence.

The prisoner had told Murphy that he would stop at Mary Clasby’s for the night but Murphy told the prisoner to go to Roger O’Dea’s house and sent his son to show the prisoner were the house was.
   About a week ago I saw Murphy saw the prisoner leaning over the half door. When Keely saw him he ran back inside, Murphy did not see him until he saw him in the barracks on 19th November 1901. The next witness to make a statement at the assize was a man by the name of John Cleary, a school boy that deposed that he saw Keely standing at Mrs.Clasby’s door on the 4th November 1901 and he sent the boy for two loaves, for which the boy received a half-pence and one for himself, which he refused to take.
   The witness cleary got the bread at Mrs. Nolan’s and brought it to Keely who thanked him for it. Mr. R. P. Nolan, D. C., and shopkeeper in Athenry, deposed to having seen Keely on the Saturday night the week before the murder. Keely had been in the shop and asked for a copper, and said he was weary and wanted to pay for his lodgings, that he was a painter and was long time idle, that he was born in Boston and that his father was from Tuam.

Nolan gave Keely some supplies, and he also told him if Keely came back the next day he would give Keely a dinner but Keely did not return to Nolan but met him as he was going to the vesper’s that next evening at 7 O’Clock on the 10th November 1901. Keely begged a copper and Nolan knew the voice. Nolan asked him was he a painter who was with him the evening before hand and why did he not come to dinner?.
   Keely told Nolan that he was too tired but Nolan then told him to come to his house the next day so he could find Keely some work to do. Keely came up to Nolan’s residence the following night, and told him that he was stopping at Miss Connell’s, Nolan gave him alms and never saw him until the 27 November 1901.
   Christopher Daly, a draper in Athenry, assured that he saw Keely three weeks to the murder and also on the evening of the 14th November. 1901. Joseph Fallon, of Athenry, deposed to seeing the prisoner in the porch of the chapel, when services were going on. 17 November at 7 o'clock in the eveing. George Higgins of Athenry saw the prisoner on the evening of the 17 November and also on the 15 November near the chapel.
    The next witness was Michael Jordan, a shoemaker by trade, and lived with his father deposed that while standing at his own door on the Monday before previous of the murder, he saw Keely looking up and down the street. Later he saw the beggars begging up and down, and then after another while he saw Keely at the barracks between two men.

He saw the front and side of his face, saw him in different clothes and could not say if it was the same thing that the prisoner wore on Monday. Mary Smyth deposed to having seen Mrs.Clasby used to get milk from Mr. Glynn alive on Sunday, 17th November 1901.Mary Size stated that she lived in Athenry, and worked for Mr. John Glynn; knew the deceased for years. Mrs. Clasby used to get milk from Mr. Glynn. The deceased sometimes would send for it. The Witness used to visit her on and off for 15 years. No person ever had lived with the deceased except the lodgers.
    The deceased Mrs.Claby had been in America for a long time in her life. She wore a ring that was similar to that produced on the third finger of her left hand. She sent for no milk on the Sunday the week before hand. On the following Monday morning the witness went to see her at 10 a.m. and when the witness went into the kitchen she saw the prisoner sitting on the stool near the fire with his back towards the wall.

After Mary Size sat down, the prisoner offered her a smoke of the clay pipe and the Mary Size refused it. She explained to the court of asking the prisoner for Mrs. Clasby, the way that the prisoner through her out of the lodging house and that Assize would come back to see her after dinner. Ms. Size said she had not seen Keely since the 20 November 1901 and at the line up picked him out because she knew the voice.
   Richard Burns gave evidence that he lived with his parents near Newcastle and came into Athenry on the previous Monday 18 November 1901, with an ass load of turf; after selling which he turned and went by the post office and near the place of Mrs.Higgins. It was around 10:10am when Burns was passing by Northgate street, when he heard Keely’s voice and Keely gave him two pence to get two candles from Blackall’s, and saw a hand and part of an arm put out through the door which was partly ajar. Burns did so and brought the candles back to the house and put the candles into the prisoner’s-Keelys hand, which was took inside and Burns walked away from the house.
   At the Athenry Police barracks on 20 November 1901, Burns saw the right hands of three people put through a door, one after the other, in the same position he had referred, and heard those three men speak.
One of the hands was a slight resemblance on the day Burns had gone for the candles at Blackhall’s, the candles were the kind and size that Burns had bought for the man that day and the coat sleeve very like it. One of the voices of the men was exactly similar to that of the man he had ran the errand for.

Delia Spelman was the next to depose; she occasionally visited Mrs. Clasby and did so on the 18 November. When she had come to the house that day, she the door was wide open. She entered into the kitchen and found that no one was there. She called out for Mrs. Clasby, but got no reply, she opened Mrs.Clasby’s bedroom door. When she saw a hand on the floor she got alarmed and immediately fled. She saw Constable Noonan and told him and told him that there was something wrong with Mary Clasby.
   Constable Noonan verified that he met Ms. Spelman at 12 o’clock on the day of the discovery of Mrs. Claby’s body. He reached the house at 12:10pm, and found Mrs. Clasby’s body laying dead on the floor. Mrs. Clasby’s knees were bent and her head resting against the foot of the bedpost. There were two candles lighting about a yard from her feet . Noonan returned to the barracks and reported the matter to the district inspector, who returned with him to the house. Noonan then made a search, and found two candles that were lighting and a hammer, now produced, and on one side of the hammer had blood on it and was a yard away from the deceased’s feet. Other items Constable Noonan found were a deposit receipt of £2 and the other contained a rent receipt, a religious emblem, two boxes in the room that contained clothes, one of the constables found.

Bridget Lardner assured the court that she had seen the prisoner walk in the direction of the deceased house on 18 November and 10 days previously before hand. Michael Moran confirmed that he was employed at as boots at the Railway Hotel, that he had seen the prisoner in the dock walking in front of him, on the Tuam road, the prisoner had walked close to a wall and on the grass, near a pool of water, about 20 yards from the hotel. It was between a quarter and 20 past 11 o’clock am, when he saw the witness begging and wanting work which he did not get on the 18 November.
   Robert Lannon the next witness of the murder case stated that he was a coachman to Mrs.Lopdell, of Raheen, and remembered 18 November 1901, that he was riding in the direction of Athenry, and at 11:30am met the prisoner opposite the cricket pavilion outside of Athenry, about 200 yards from the Railway Hotel. He saw the prisoner slowly walking up the hill in the direction of Tuam.
   M. Cusack who was a stable boy, in the employment of Mrs. Lambert of Castle Ellen, deposed that he was driving a van in the direction of Athenry. When coming out of the wood, the Caste Ellen side of Gurran Cross, he (Cusack) had met the prisoner about 100 yards. Patrick Lynch, a groom, who lived at Belville, Athenry, said that he had met the prisoner coming from Athenry and the prisoner was walking very fast. Cusack asked for a match from him but the prisoner refused in a very serious tone. Once the prisoner had passed Cusack turned around and looked at the prisoner wiping his boots on the grass. It was 20 past 12 when Patrick Lynch was a quarter of a mile in front of me.

M. Donohue was positive that he saw the prisoner on the 18 November at the Cussane cross roads. Donoghue was 100 yards from the man he saw. The man was lame and had a hump on him. Mark Bird and Mary Molloy both gave evidence that they saw the prisoner that he was walking fast and was lame with a hump too. The prisoner had asked Ms. Molloy were the road to Tuam road and she showed him and the prisoner carried on walking.
   John Gormley the next witness said that he was a farmer near Tierboy Road, Tuam. About half past 7 o’clock on November 18 he saw the prisoner, in Patrick Browne’s public house standing at the bar.    

Gormley knew the prisoner before the prisoner when the prisoner was a wardsman in the Tuam Union. The prisoner handed sixpence , remarking that Gormley stood to Prisoner before. Gormely said that he would not take it. The prisoner then called for a drink , and Gormely called out for 2 bottles of stout, which the two men drank and paid for with the sixpence.
The prisoner then bought two pipes, one at 6d and the other at 9d, and Gormley got took the 6d pipe, and the prisoner kept the 9d one. The prisoner also purchased tobacco. Gormely saw the prisoner take a bead case out of his pocket and then 10 sovereign’s. The prisoner gave Mr. Browne a half-sovereign out of the amount he had. The prisoner told Gormley to come into the room of the bar and that he wanted to talk to him. After the two men went into the room, the prisoner handed Gormley a bunch of notes, which he asked him to count for him. There were 11 pound notes in it, and the prisoner remarked that he earned this money since last in Tuam. To the best of the Gormley’s memory, it was early in September when prisoner left Tuam. The prisoner asked Gormley to realise a suit of clothes which he had in Mr. Quinn’s Pawn Office. Both of them went there. The convict gave a sovereign and got change. They both went to Burke’s public house next door and had also treated two other men to drinks. After leaving Burke’s public house the witness said to Keely that he was going to go home soon and welcomed the prisoner to his lodgings and also recommended two other places Mr. Heavey’s or Ms. Moores. Keely told Gormley he would rather stay at his residence, Gormley said that he had no lodging house but if the servant boy was willing to share the room, Gormley would have no objection to Keely’s stay.

The prisoner gave Gormley half a crown to send him for a naggin of whiskey and a gallon of porter. The drink was later consumed by the prisoner, Gormley, William O’Connor and another person. The prisoner eventually slept that nigh in the kitchen and was up before Gormley at 8 o’clock in the morning and offered him, which the witness refused. The prisoner said he would come with the witnesses to wherever and had been complaining with his heel being sore.

Keely said that he had walked from Loughrea the day before. The prisoner paid for another drink at Keely’s public house. The two men went Browne’s and he brought a razor for 2s 6d, the same as now produced. Once again, the prisoner paid for another drink at Browne’s. Next the prisoner wrote on the inside of a match box 1 pair of drawers, 1 inside shirt two pairs of socks and a necktie and gave 5s to Gormely to by the clothing for him. Gormley purchased these items at Matrtin S. Walsh’s shortley afterwards and returned home. Keely then arrived at Gormley’s house around 2 o’clock.

A man named Tom McGovern came back with Gormley and McGovern began to speak to Gormley when Keely was with them about the murder that happened in Athenry. The witness had seen Keely become stunned at that point. The witness told Keely not to leave the house until he had dinner. The witness did so and remained in the house and soon after that the witness did not see Keely until 27 November 1901. Gormley reported Keely’s stay in his house to the police.

Andrew Quinn the next man up to give evidence of identify Keely. McGovern stated that he went into the house of Gormley and saw the prisoner there; took a chair and sat down, lit his pipe and spoke to Mrs .Donohue. Quinn spoke loud and clear so everyone could here what he was saying ‘Is this not a great deed that has happened in Athenry. A woman killed in Athenry and half the head cut off her with a hatchet.” When Keely heard this he panicked and the police were soon sent for.

Sergeant Thomas Sheehy deposed that in consequence of information which he received on 19 November 1901, he went entered Gormley’s house and saw the prisoner sitting there. Sgt. Sheehy asked the prisoner to stand up so he could talk to him. ‘I am going to ask you questions regarding the Athenry Murder’ said Sgt.Sheehy to Keely and he read him his rights.

Sgt. Sheehy asked the prionsoner about all the places he had been. Keely told him that he came to Tuam 2 days ago, that he was from Loughrea and had left the district a couple of days ago on a Sunday. Keely had come to Tuam by Sunday night. Sgt. Sheehy integrated Keely more which made the prisoner become more and more slow at answering the questions. Keely also informed to the Sergeant that he he had slept on the side of the road at Gort. That he came from Gort. Other places the prisoner had mentioned was that he walked to Galway to Oranmore and then to Loughrea. Sgt. Sheehy asked the Prisoner was he in Athenry at all? To which the prisoner replied ‘No, I wasn’t’.

Sgt. Sheehy arrested Keely on charge of the murder of Mary Clasby. The prisoner made no statement. The Sergeant then searched the prisoner who then gave him 3s 3d and told the Sergeant that was all he had but there was a gold ring in the purse. There was no more money in it. The evidence was then produced by Sgt. Sheehy. Sgt. Sheehy and Constable Moriarty searched Keely’s pockets and found money worth £19 4s. All the sovereigns had been in a rosary bead case and they had found other items, the money had been wrapped in brown tissue roll.

Sgt. Sheehy found cut marks on the prisoner’s shins, as if it had been caused by kicks and the prisoner told the sergeant that he had scratched them. Constable Ruddy deposed to having brought the prisoner from Tuam to Athenry and accompanied D.I. Feeley to Mrs. Clasby’s house on 21 November. In the bedroom of the kitchen, the constables found 3 boxes of clothing with a petticoat and bodice with blood stains on the clothing. The constables also found items similar to what the prisoner had been carring. The items were then sent to Dr.Lapper of the Royal College of Surgeon’s, Dublin.

D.I. Feeley assured a report which he had received of Constable Noonan, he proceeded to the house of Mrs. Clasby and found her lying dead. D.I. Feely recollected the information of what Burns had given. The hammer that was handed to D.I. Feeley was covered in blood.

The next witness up was a woman by the name Honour Hansberry who identified the exhibition of evidence. The ring in the display was Mary Clasby’s ring. Mary Regan identified that the ring had been found on the prisoner. Thomas Higgins, National School Teacher of Athenry, appointed that Mrs. Clasby consulted him about some money. The deceased received £81 18s from America on the 18 February 1901. Mr. James Corry, Manager of the Ulster Bank, deposed that the deceased had £155 in deposit receipts. Michael Barrett gave evidence that the hammer found was such as a painter would use in his profession.

Dr. Edwin disclosed his evidence , occupation and the items that had been sent to him ‘Witness found mammalian blood on almost every part of the head and smears of blood on almost the entire length of the handle of the painter’s hammer, no marks on the neck tie, shirt etc. There was blood on the lower border of the white petticoat and inside same; on a white pink shirt 2 bloods stains; on a white bodice stained in 3 places on t he back and three places and one bloodstain on the right sleeve.’

Dr.Lapper continued ‘1 was an apron, with 1 blood stain, and the other, small piece, had 5 blood stains on it; also a piece of newspaper with 4 stains. Next thing examined was 6 pieces of tissue paper, with one blood stain; also some paper wrapped round a candle. The blood stains were mammalion and tolerably recent.
   P.J. Quinlan Esq., MD next gave evidence; he remembered on the 18 Novemeber and told the court that when he did a post-mortem on her, she was died 10 ir 12 hours earlier. He was not sure. Quinlan discovered that there was 5 large wounds pentrating from the skin to the bone ‘when taking of the scalp there was a depressed fracture of the left parietal bone and another fracture fo the left parietal bone and another fracture excluding fro mthat through the temperal bone behind the left ear to the base of the skull’. The death had been caused by graze of the brain from fracture and also from rapid blood and shock.

After all thes statements, Mr. Price B.L. addressed the jury for the prisoner. He focused on the awfulness of committing a judicial murder: informed the Jury that if there was ever a case more mysterious than this one, it must be perplexing and sait it was the ‘duty of the jury to stand between the avenging hand of the Crown and the prisoner, whose mouth was sealed by an undeliable seal, and who must depend on them for whatever mercy he was likely to get.’
   The Tuam News played the victim card to there readers at this point ‘To suppose the Jury would let the prisoner go would be to establish upon your country a stain which centuries would not remove. What would become of helpless women and children of this county. They would have to shut there doors, uncertain to the projection of there neighbour, and might be found brutly murdered some morning’.
   The Solicitor-General then dealt with the evidence seriatim, and spoke for an hour and three quarters. The Judge then adjourned the Court till Tuesday and on that following Tuesday the court sat at 10 o’clock sharp.
Judge Keeny immediately went into the entire evidence of the case which had been given by 34 witnesses. Justice Kenny said that the prisoner ‘seemed to be a man not inclined to do his own work so long as he could get others to do it for him, and was offered employment and would not go to get it. Don’t let any feeling influence you that although this man committed the crime’.

The prisoner was perfectly sane and that could be proved. If there was any suggestions of prisoner’s antecedants being mad, the executive would take it into account, even if the prisoner was sentenced to death.
   The prisoner was perfectly sane at the and that it could be proved. The prisoner had been represented by one of the worthy councils, anywhere to be found, and they did not say that he was insane. If there was any such suggestion’s of the prisoner of having a mental illness the executive would take it into account.
   The judge knew that the Lord Liuetenant spares no pains to carefully sift everything, and t lord Luietenant will see that ‘No person goes to his Maker who could for one moment have been held to be responsible for the crime for which he had been sentenced’.

The Tuam News wrote ‘The conduct of the prisoner in lighting the candles at the feet of his victim was peculair, but no murder was a like, pecularities don’t make a man mad. The law expects that you willl do your duty, as you have sworn to do by the Evangelists, and that you will not regret your conduct hereafter, what ever your verdict be’. The jury retired for half and hour during the case and returned with a verdict.
‘The Clerk-Mr.Carter asked them if they had the Jury had they considered there verdict. Foreman—We have.

Clerk—Do you find the prisoner guilty or not guilty?

Foreman—We find the prisoner, Thomas Keely, “guilty,” and we recommended him to mercy.

At this deep groan of horror went up from assembled spectators.

Clerk —Prisoner at the bar, you hear the verdict of 12 of your fellow-countrymen!

Have you anything to say while the sentence of death should not be passed upon you?

The prisoner made no awnser.

His lordship “put on the black cap,” and said: Thomas Keeley, you have heard the verdict of the jury and your own fellow country-men which has been come to after a patient and exhaustive trial You are found guilty of the murder of this poor woman of Athenry. The crime was a brutal on, and you hurried this unfortunate victim before her God without a momnent’s notice.
   The law is more merciful to you and you will get time to repent of your crime, and I hope you make the best possible use of that time which is now left you to reconcile your soul to your maker, and make your peace with God. I must say that I thoroughly agree with the jury in their verdict, which was a proper one; and I may say in my opinion they could conscientiously and as reason able thinking men have arrived at no toehr verdict than they did.

The sentence of this court is that you, Thomas Keely, be taken from the place where you now are to the place from whence you cane and thence to the place of execution. Where you will be hanged by the neck until you are dead on the 23rd day of April 1902. May the lord of have mercy on your soul.’ Keely was removed from the court.
   It was on a Wednsday the Keely was execute for the murder of Mrs. Mary Clasby. Mr. J.C. Conroy, soir., had visited his client There was a petiton forwarded, and it was expected the prayer would be acceded too, but a few days ago the Lord Lueitenat replied that the law must ttake its course.
   This was communicated to Keely, who was terrified of it. After the trial Keely collapsed, and was conveyed to hospita, where he remained till a few days ago, when he was again conveyed to the condemned cell and was never out of site of two warders.The condemened man at first refused to eat, and it was thought that he would starve to death. A consultation was held by two doctors. The prisoner began to eat and drink once he heard there was hope for a reprieve in his case unti the day the government refused to grant a reprieve.

The Government refused Keely’s reprieve which made Keely lose all up and he finally stopped eating. 2 weeks had gone by after Keely was sentenced and an operation was done on the prisoner. They surgeons had to remove a tumour from his back bone. The tumour would have killed the prisoner before the 23rd. The operation was performed successfully, but the prisoner would not live long a week longer than the 23rd, and for the that last week was in a dying condition.
   Before Keely’s death Rev Fr. Greaven P.P. and the Rev. Father Considine, C.C.’s were most attentive to the prisoner. The prisoner was a Roman Catholic born in Boston. Even the nuns from the Order of Mercy where with the prisoner every hour. Prayers were asked publicly for his soul and befored the day of execution he was constantly either praying or crying at times.
   The Sunday before hand the Lord Bishop of Galway Most. Rev. Dr. McCormack accompained by the two chaplins, visited the condemned man. The prisoner soon attended his own mass at 7.30 a.m. The Governer, two warders, two reverend fathers were present. ‘The prisoner was now conveyed to his cell and partook of a little refreshment, and was exhorted to prepare for death. He seemed unconsious and it was thought he was dead several times.’ Keely was possibly dying.The prisoner did not have a great sleep the night before at all which was full of ‘fitful of starts, and woke muthering and crying and laid down again growning.
   During Keely’s time in prison he confessed several times of killing Mary Clasby and agreed that it was right to condemn him but he also said that there was false swearing against him that it was a hatchet he used and not a painter’s hammer to kill her.

According to the Galway Express Mrs.Clasby was sometimes known as Ms.O’Connell because her mother had been married twice. The Galway Express said there had been flaws in the case ‘If there was any doubt of the prisoner’s guilt, they as jurymen were to give the prisoner the benefit of the doubt.
   The executioners to carry out Keely’s sentence were the Billington brothers. They had stayed the night before in the prison. While Keely was unconsious the Billingtons strapped the prisoner. The next day when the prisoner was on the scaffold where he was to be hung-he fainted a couple of times.
   The prisoner’s feet was strapped by Billington. The prisoner had recluntantly gone to his place of execution. The prisoner groaned, moaned and cried out aloud but the chaplains calmed him down. The rope was placed around his neck one of the chaplins was reciting the burial service “ In the midst of life we are in death”. Bellington pulled the bolt and Keely was ‘swung into eternity with an awful thud’.

Straight after this Fr.Considine ‘grew as white as a sheet and everyone present’ bar the Billington Brothers seemed to be terrified. The body hung for an hour.
  The black flag was raised. The Tuam News stated that ‘There was about 4000 people present outside the prison who had been expecting to hear the crack of the bolt. A shout of horror went up from the assembled mulitiude, who now knew of the awfulness that had taken place.’
  The Billington Brothers were late for the train late for the 10 o’clock train on that Wednsday and were followed about by crowds. The brothers left Galway on the 3 o’clock train and the station was throughed. No reporter was allowed insided and the newpapers wondered, why?





Conclusion

The Galway Express wrote that ‘there was some unprobabilities in the case. One improbability in the Crown case was that the murder tollk place at 6 in the morning, and that Mary Clasby was already out of bed, had her bed made up, was dressed all but, strange to say one boot, and at prayers when she was supposed to have been killed. Prisoner was said to have been in the house after ther murder’. In the Galway Express a tribute to the police of Athenry was given by the solicitor-general for all their work in the murder case and the judge agreed with the him.

Was it ethical to sentence a man to death and then allow him to go under a life-saving procedure because of the Tumour in his back? The tumour did not spread to his brain but he was apparently dying anyways with the constant fainting on the scaffold. Keely was guilty of both theft and murder. The people of Athenry were generous to him and there was no need to steal from Mary Clasby aswell. Thomas Keely, was guilty of both theft and murder.














































I have written about the Bureau of Military History 1913-1921 one before but I am adding more content in this article. An aspect of oral ...